The working principle of the embossing machine

　　The embossing machine consists of several smooth hard and soft rollers. The hard roller is a metal roller, which is highly polished or engraved with dense parallel diagonal lines, often accompanied by heating installation; The soft roller is a fiber roller or a polyamide plastic roller. Fiber rollers are made by pressing fibers under high pressure. According to fiber materials, there are cotton paper rollers, wool paper rollers, and linen paper rollers. The rolling point composed of hard and soft rollers is called a hard rolling point, with a rolling temperature of 60-70 ℃ and a moisture content of 5-10% for the fabric. After being pressed, the yarn of the fabric is flattened, resulting in a smooth appearance, enhanced luster, and a firm hand feel, known as flat rolling.

　　The rolling temperature is usually between 40 and 60 ℃. After rolling, the yarn of the fabric is slightly flat, with a mild luster and a soft feel, which is called soft rolling. When using equipment with multiple rollers, the embossing machine can manipulate the different combinations of soft and hard rolling points, as well as the changes in pressure, temperature, and threading parameters, to achieve a different overall gloss. If the fabric is first impregnated with resin for initial shrinkage and then pre baked and stretched, it can obtain a long-lasting luster after rolling.

　　Calendering, also known as calendering. The initial process of heavy leather cleaning. Manipulate the plasticity of fibers under mixed heat conditions to flatten or roll parallel precision diagonal lines on the fabric surface, in order to promote the process of polishing the fabric.

　　Operation process: Use a pendulum calender or sole rolling machine to operate. Generally, the operation is carried out twice: the first time is to compact the leather body, after evenly wetting, and then stack to balance the moisture; The second pass is rolling, and after rolling, the heavy leather has a smooth and bright appearance, and the leather body is compact, which is the finished leather.

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